Protect patient data. Document every control.
Sector threats
Risk areas
Patient portals
Credential stuffing and login abuse.
Data exposure
Credentials, tokens and identifiers in responses.
Scraping
LLM agents, scrapers and portal harvesting.
Endpoint abuse
Enumeration and brute-force on records or APIs.
Credential stuffing on patient portals
Most common attack vector against healthcare login surfaces.
Sensitive data exposure
Credentials, tokens, or patient identifiers leaking in responses.
Automated scraping
LLM agents and scrapers harvesting portal or clinical content.
Application-layer abuse
Enumeration and brute-force against appointment, records, or API endpoints.
Recommended capabilities
Patient portal protection
Managed bot control tuned for authentication flows: classify scrapers, credential-stuffing bots, headless browsers, and LLM crawlers. Apply browser challenge or proof-of-work captcha on sensitive access paths — legitimate patients pass with minimal friction; returning visitors with valid tokens skip repeat checks.
Allow verified monitoring and search-engine bots by label; block or captcha hostile automation.
See: Bot management
WAF for clinical and patient-facing applications
Per-domain Web ACL with managed OWASP packs and response-stage inspection to catch data leaks, error disclosures, and sensitive-data patterns before they reach users.
Custom rules restrict admin paths, require headers on internal APIs, and enforce CIDR allowlists for partner integrations. Body size limits cap oversized payloads at the edge.
See: Web application firewall
Structured incident logging
Every request emits a JSONL access log with WAF action, matched rules, security labels, routing outcome, and a unique Request ID present on client responses and origin requests — enabling full request correlation for breach investigation and regulatory notification timelines.
Export logs to your SIEM or data lake; correlate a patient report with backend logs in seconds.
See: Observability & operations
API and endpoint abuse controls
Granular rate limits on login, password-reset, and records endpoints using per-path and composite keys — e.g. cap reset requests per identifier rather than per IP alone when abuse is distributed.
See: API security · DDoS protection
Reliable delivery for critical services
HTTPS enforcement, health-checked load balancing, and optional edge caching for static assets — keep patient-facing portals available under load without manual failover during traffic spikes.
See: Load balancing & delivery